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Study of Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus In Both Outcome And Inpatient
with Pyrexia At Patna Medical College & Hospital
Author:
1. Dr. Md. Ejaz Alam, Junior Resident, Department of Medicine, Patna medical college, Patna
2. Dr. Pankaj Hans, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College, Patna
Corresponding Author
3. Dr. Neha Fatima , Junior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Patna Medical College,
Patna
INTRODUCTION- Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in all
regions in recent years. Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the
species Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Aedes Albopictus. Dengue is widespread
throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by rainfall, temperature and
unplanned rapid urbanization.
During the 19th century, dengue was perceived as a sporadic disease which caused epidemics
only at long term intervals. However, changes took place and currently, dengue is considered
as the most important mosquito borne viral disease in the world. Within the past 50 years its
incidence has increased by 30-fold with outbreaks which occur in five of six WHO regions.
Currently, dengue is present in 112 countries in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, the Americas and
Africa. It is found mainly in tropical and sub-tropical regions worldwide, especially in urban
ABSTRACT
Study of Seroprevalence of Dengue to know the presents status of Dengue virus infection in this
region (Patna, Bihar) In Estern India, which will help to chalk out a plan for preventive action against
the viral infection. MATERIALS & METHODS-The observational clinical study on Patients aged 18-70
years of both sexes suffering from Pyrexia in OPD and IPD of Department of General Medicine.
RESULTS- In our study we found 19 dengue positive patients. Among them 14 (10.6%) were male &
05 (7.4%) were female.108 Patients belonged to urban, among them 11 were dengue infected. 92
patients belonged to rural, among them 08 patients were dengue infected. Fever & headache were
the common symptoms among all the patients (200). CONCLUSION- From the study we here come
to know that IgM ELISA test is the most suitable test for the serological study of Dengue virus
infection. KEYWORDS: Dengue fever, DHS, DSS, Antibodies, ELISA.
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and semi-urban areas. There are around 2.5 to 3 billion people estimated to be at risk of
dengue. There are 50–100 million new infections estimated to occur every year. Severe
dengue was first recognized in the 1950s during dengue epidemics in the Philippines and
Thailand. It occurs in most Asian countries and has become a leading cause of hospitalization
and death.1
There are three forms of the dengue infection; dengue fever (DF) also known as break bone
fever, in severe dengue there are: dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock
syndrome (DSS).
2 DF is characterized as asymptomatic or self-limiting. In severe dengue,
DHF is characterized by plasma leakage in severity grades 1 and 2 and it can lead to DSS a
life-threatening syndrome with grades 3 and 4. However, the pathogenesis of DSS has not
been yet fully understood. The severe dengue has also been defined by severe bleeding and
organ impairment.1
Dengue is a systemic viral infection which can be found globally both in endemic and
epidemic transmission cycles.3
The dengue virus is a single stranded Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
virus which belongs to the Flaviviridae family. There exist four serotypes of dengue (DEN 1-
4), those are classified according to biological and immunological criteria. In general, a
person infected by one serotype develops protective immunity against that specific serotype.
However, it does not develop immunity against the remaining serotypes. Furthermore, when
a person is infected again with another serotype a more severe infection may occur.4 Based
on a pathogenesis from a different source the term dengue viruses (DENV 1-4) can be also
found.
All four viruses evolved in non-human primates and each entered the urban cycle
independently around 500–1,000 years ago.4
There are still no vaccines or drugs available for treating dengue, however it can be managed
by careful monitoring of the warning signs and early initiation of aggressive intravenous
rehydration therapy.5
The efforts to diminish dengue transmission are focused on vector
control, by using combination of chemical and biological targeting of the vector mosquitoes
and management of their breeding sites.6
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Materials & Methods
Materials & Methods
Study Design: Patients aged 18-70 years of both sexes suffering from Pyrexia in OPD and
IPD of Department of General Medicine, Patna Medical College, from January 2019 upto
December 2020 were included in the study.
Study Population and patient’s selection: The study was conducted a total number of 200
patients with pyrexia, including patients admitted in the department of General Medicine.
Inclusion Criteria
Age : 17- 70 year
Sex: Male and Female
Patients suffering from Fever
Patients informed for consent for study
Exclusion Criteria
Patients who didn’t give their consent.
Patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection.
Patients who had diagnosed with another cause of pyrexia.
Patients who had already treated of Dengue fever
HIV, HBsAg and VDRL positive patients were excluded from our study.
Sampling Technique
A systematic sampling method was used for the purpose of this study using the formula for
calculating sampling interval (sampling frame/sample size). The patients were selected
randomly who were admitted with pyrexia in the department of Medicine. Only clients that
satisfy the inclusion criteria for this study were recruited. 200 patients were taken in our study
and they had age between 18 to 70 years. The aged divided in to 6 groups: 18 -20 years, 21 -
30 years, 31 - 40 years, 41 – 50 years, 1 - 60 years and 61-70 years.
Specimen Collection and Processing: Specimen collection and processing was performed of
those patients, who were suffering from Pyrexia:
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