9. CGM-Question Bank.pdf

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KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(AUTONOMOUS)

NAMAKKAL- TRICHY MAIN ROAD, THOTTIAM

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

QUESTION BANK

CS8092 – COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA

(Regulation- 2017)

Year/Semester: III / 06 Acad. Year: 2020-2021 (Even)

UNIT I - ILLUMINATION AND COLOR MODELS

PART A

1. Classify the nature of line primitive in graphics.

2. What do you mean by ‘color model’?

3. What is scan conversion?

4. What is the difference between Bresenham’s and DDA line drawing Algorithm?

5. What do you infer by complementary colors and primary colors?

6. Point out, how Y,I,Q represent in YIQ color model?

7. Applying DDA algorithm to rasterize the line from (0,0) to (6,7)

8. Assess flat shading.

9. Applying the use of error term in Bresenham’s line drawing algorithm?

10. Write the conversion matrix of CMY to RGB representation.

11. What would you Understanding the Octant symmetry of a circle?

12. How to create dithered image?

13. Identify any two attributes of a line?

14. What do you understand about chromaticity?

15. Define persistence.

16. Infer the working principle of Raster-Scan System.

17. Differentiate aliasing and antialiasing?

18. Creating a line from (10,12) to (15,15) on a raster screen using Bresenham’s straight line

algorithm.

19. What is meant by ambient reflection.

20. Conclude about light diffusion.

PART B

1. (i) Describe about the properties of a circle. (7)

(ii) Describe pen and brush attribute options. (6)

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2. Use the midpoint method to derive decision parameters for generating points along a straight line

path with slope in the range 0<m<1. Compose that the midpoint decision parameters are the

same as those in the Bresenham’s line drawing algorithm. (13)

3. Describe about the Bresenham’s ellipse drawing algorithm. (13)

4. Using midpoint circle algorithm calculate the pixel that will be put ON for an origin center at (4,5)

of a circle with radius 4. (13)

5. (i) Compare and contrast between the RGB and CMY color models. (7)

(ii) Summarize about CIE color model. What are its advantages? (6)

6. (i) Discuss about the properties of light. (7)

(ii) Interpret light sources in detail. (6)

7. (i) Depict and discuss the HSV and HLS color models in detail. (7)

(ii) Discuss briefly on standard primaries and chromaticity diagram. (6)

8. Make a detailed comparison of all color models. (13)

9. Explain in detail about halftone patterns and dithering techniques in detail. (13)

10. Explain attributes of output primitives. (13)

11. Illustrate the basic illumination model in detail. (13)

12. Describe about the various types of shading? (13)

13. Write a short notes on RGB and HSV color models. (13)

14. Explain the basic concepts of Midpoint ellipse algorithm. Apply the decision parameter for the

algorithm and write down the algorithm steps. (13)

PART-C

1. Consider the line from (0,0) to (-8,-4).Use general Bresenham’s line algorithm to rasterize this

line. Evaluate and tabulate all the steps involved. (15)

2. (i) Explain different light source models with illustration. (6)

(ii) Explain the following

1.Ambient illumination (3)

2.Diffuse Reflection (3)

3.Specular reflection (3)

3. Write down and explain the midpoint circle drawing algorithm. Assume 10 cm as the radius and

co-ordinate origin as the centre of the circle. (15)

4. Explain about additive and subtractive color models in detail. (15)

UNIT II TWO-DIMENSIONAL GRAPHICS

PART A

1. List out the basic geometric transformation.

2. What is point clipping and line clipping?

3. Give the final coordinates of a unit square ABCD with vertex A placed on the origin after applying a

uniform scaling of 2 units with respect to the centre of the square.

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4. Point out, how you will clip a point?

5. Define - View Up Vector

6. Evaluating the effect of scaling factor Sx= 1/2 and Sy= 1/2 on a given triangle ABC whose co- ordinates are A=[4,1], B=[5,2],C=[4,3]

7. Outline viewing pipeline.

8. What is the effect of inverse transformations?

9. Write down shear transformation.

10. Define text clipping.

11. Apply the equation for homogeneous transformation.

12. What is composite transformation?

13. What is curve clipping?

14. Identify the need of homogeneous coordinates?

15. Distinguish between window and viewport?

16. Design transformation matrix for reflection with respect to the line y=x?

17. A Polygon has 4 vertices located at A(20,10),B(60,10),C(60,30), d(20,30) Create a Transformation

matrix to double the size of the polygon with point A located at the same place.

18. Is Sutherland Cohen line clipping algorithm applicable to any type of window? Justify.

19. Apply the role of region code.

20. Differentiate uniform scaling from differential scaling.

PART-B

1. (i) Describe 2D geometric transformations. (7)

(ii) Show that two successive reflections about the coordinate axes is equivalent to a single rotation

about the coordinate origin. (6)

2. (i) Discuss about matrix representation and homogeneous coordinates (7)

(ii) Give composite transformation for translation and rotation. (6)

3. Illustrate with example the available two-dimensional geometric transformations. (13)

4. (i) Scale a square ABCD A(0,0) , B(3,0),C(3,3),D(0,3) three units in X direction and three units in

Y direction.(7)

(ii) Explain the brief notes on pivot point rotation of an object. (6)

5. Construct a triangle ABC whose coordinates are A(1,1), B(5,2) and C(4,3)

i. Reflect the given triangle about X axis

ii. Reflect the given triangle about Y axis

iii. Reflect the given triangle about Y=X axis

iv. Reflect the given triangle about X =Y axis

In each case find the Coordinates of reflected triangle. (13)

6. (i) How would you transform an object from one coordinate system to another coordinate system? (7)

(ii) Give a brief note on two-dimensional viewing transformation pipeline. (6)

7. (i) What are the stages involved in 2D viewing transformation pipeline? Describe briefly about

each stage. (7)

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(ii) Describe in detail about viewing coordinate reference frame. (6)

8. (i) List and Explain 2D viewing functions. (7)

(ii) Compare between window port and view port. (6)

9. Analyze the window to viewport coordinate transformation. (13)

10. (i) Show the different types of clipping operations with neat diagram. (10)

(ii) Write short notes on exterior clipping. (3)

11. (i) Explain Cohen-Sutherland line clipping with example. (7)

(ii) Summarize the notes on clipping against rectangular boundaries. (6)

12. (i) Examine the Sutherland Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm with example. (7)

(ii) Explain the possible relationships between the line positions and a standard rectangular

clipping region. (6)

13. (i) Explain in brief on point and curve clipping. (7)

(ii) Point out about text clipping techniques. (6)

14. Use Cohen Sutherland algorithm to clip the line P1(70,20) and P2(100,10) against a window

lower left hand corner (50,10) and upper right hand corner (80,40). (13)

PART-C

1. Explain about Composite transformation in general and Explain the following with matrix

representation:

(i) Two Successive Translation. (3)

(ii) Two Successive Rotations. (3)

(iii) Two Successive Scaling. (3)

(iv) General Pivot Point Rotation. (3)

(v) General Fixed Point Scaling. (3)

2. (i) Translate a square with the coordinate A(0,0), B(3,0), C(3,3), D(0,3) by 2 units in x and y

directions. (7)

(ii) Scale the polygon with coordinates A(2,5), B(7,10), C(10,2) by two units in x direction 2 units

in Y direction. (8)

3. Explain with neat diagram of Processing the vertices of the polygon through the boundary

clipping pipeline using Sutherland Hodgeman polygon clipping algorithm. (15)

4. At R be Rectangular window whose lower left head corner is at L(-3,1) and upper right head

corner is at R(2,6). Find the region codes for the endpoints A(-4,2), B(-1,7), C(-1,5), D(3,8),

G(1,-2), H(3,3), I(-4,7) and J(-2,10). (15)

UNIT III THREE-DIMENSIONAL GRAPHICS

PART A

1. Define Quadratic surface.

2.What is blobby object.

3. How do you represent sphere in three dimensions?

4. List the classifications of visible surface detection algorithm.

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5. Define Uniform B-Spline curve with example.

6. Compare orthographic and oblique parallel projections.

7. Formulate the single point perspective projection transformation matrix when projectors are placed

on Z-axis.

8. Classify the common representation in solid modeling technique.

9. Differentiate: Parallel and perspective projections.

10. What do you infer about polygon surface?

11. Construct the 3D viewing pipeline.

12. Define Polygon Tables.

13. What is meant by Backface Culling?

14. How do we identify the principal vanishing point?

15. Differentiate oblique and orthogonal projection.

16. Prepare the need for modeling transformations?

17. List the advantages of B - spline over Bezier curve?

18. Compare the advantage of B-spline over Bezier curve.

19. What is the use of control point?

20. Outline about viewing operation?

PART-B

1. With suitable examples describe 3D transformations

(i)Rotation . (7)

(ii)Translation. (6)

2. Write short notes and analyse on the list given below

(i) Polygon surfaces and Curved line surfaces. (7)

(ii) Quadric surfaces. (6)

3. With suitable examples discuss the following

(i) Reflection and Scaling. (7)

(ii) Shearing. (6)

4. i) Describe B spline and Bezier surfaces. (7)

ii) Tabulate the advantages and disadvantages of B spline surfaces over Bezier surfaces. (6)

5. (i) Explain and illustrate three dimensional display methods with example. (7)

(ii) Illustrate Blobby objects and examples. (6)

6. i) Describe in brief parallel projections with examples. (7)

ii) Describe in brief perspective projections with examples. (6)

7. Explain and analyse on Clipping in 3D for the following

(i) Normalized view volumes and Viewport clipping. (7)

(ii) Clipping in homogeneous coordinates. (6)